1、As a penologist, his research focuses on studying the effectiveness of various forms of punishment.
作为一名刑事学家，他的研究重点是研究各种形式的惩罚的有效性。
2、Penologists play an important role in the criminal justice system by studying and developing strategies for rehabilitating offenders.
刑事学家通过研究和制定对罪犯进行恢复性教育的策略，在刑事司法系统中起着重要作用。